Sermon for Zoom Service 14th February 2021: 2 Cor 4, 3-6; Mark 9, 2-9
Fr Leonard Doolan – St Paul’s Athens
Masks have always been an inspiration for literature, film, and stage.
Jim Carey starred in the 1994 film, simply called ‘the Mask’. Michael Crawford made the half mask memorable in the Andrew Lloyd-Webber stage production of ‘Phantom’. In the 1840’s Alexandre Dumas wrote his novel about an enigmatic French aristocrat, called ‘Man in an Iron Mask’. The list goes on, and we will all be able to think of examples.
One of my favourite authors on themes of classical history is Mary Reanualt. In her novel ‘the Mask of Apollo’ the setting is the 4th Century BC. The principal character of her historical novel is Nikeratos, an actor in Greek tragedies who tours with a travelling acting company. Renault offers great insights into the life of a stage actor.
Ancient Greece was famous for its theatre productions. These were normally linked in some way to religious festivals, and the touring groups of actors would move from city to city to coincide with celebrations of the local patron god.
In Greek theatre productions the acting group was small in number, maybe three maximum. There would be the principal actor, the prot-agonist, a second actor, the deuter-agonist, and possibly a trito-agonist. Each would play several roles, and would be enabled to do so by wearing different masks. For principal characters the mask was always very stylized and identifiable. Each actor would change mask on-stage, as it were at the skene, and it was considered shameful if the real face of the actor was revealed during the changing of the mask.
The word used for the mask is prosopeion, a derivative from the Greek word prosopon meaning a face, or countenance. This word is still in use today when a modern Greek refers to the face, prosopo, but it can also mean a person. In a cast list for a play we might be used to the heading dramatis personae. In classical Greek theatre the word would be prosopon, with this rather double meaning of person and literally ‘face’, because the mask identifies the character.